Gum Disease: Common Symptoms and Causes That Everyone Must Know

posted in: Periodontal Treatment | 0

Dazzling teeth do not always mean that your mouth is free from any oral diseases. Plaque and bacteria, which is the leading cause of oral problems, can accumulate anywhere in the mouth, especially in the areas where toothbrushes and floss failed to reach. Aside from keeping the teeth healthy and bright, the gums should also be given equal attention to achieve a healthier mouth and keep it in its top condition.

There are situations where some people may experience noticing bits of blood, especially when brushing their teeth. This condition should never be ignored because it can be one of the warning signs that they may have periodontal disease. 

gum disease

Periodontal disease, or commonly known as gum disease, is an infection of the tissues that hold the teeth in place. There are two types of gum disease – gingivitis and periodontitis.

  • Gingivitis. It is the mildest form of periodontal disease, which is often characterized by becoming red, swelling, and bleeding easily of the gums. Gingivitis is usually caused by poor dental hygiene. This disease is reversible with professional treatment and good oral hygiene.
  • Periodontitis. When gingivitis is left untreated, it can advance to periodontitis. This will often cause the inner layer of the gum and bone to pull away from the teeth to form pockets, eventually lead to losing the teeth if not addressed right away.

Common symptoms of gum disease

There are times where gum disease may advance painlessly, show few visible signs, even in the late stages. Symptoms of gum disease are often subtle, but the condition is not entirely without warning signs. Below are the following symptoms of gum disease:

  • Red, swollen, or tender gums
  • Bleeding gums, especially during and after brushing the teeth
  • Receding gums
  • Chronic bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
  • Loose or shifting of the teeth
  • Changes in the way teeth fit together upon biting down, or in the fit of partial denture

Sometimes gum disease may not exhibit any symptoms, or it may affect only certain teeth. Only a dentist or periodontist can recognize and determine the development of gum disease.

Causes of gum disease

Plaque is the leading cause of gum disease. However, certain factors can contribute to the development of this disease. These may include:

  • Poor oral hygiene habits 

Poor oral hygiene habits significantly contribute to the development of gum disease. Not brushing and flossing correctly helps the plaque to accumulate in the mouth that would later on lead to gingivitis or other dental issues.

  • Bad habits 

Bad habits such as smoking make it harder for gum tissue to repair itself and will eventually lead to problems concerning both oral and overall health.

  • Illnesses 

Certain illnesses can affect the condition of the gums such as cancer or HIV and diabetes. These diseases will compromise the immune system and the body’s ability to utilize blood sugar, making people more vulnerable to developing infections.

  • Medications

Some medications can affect oral health, causing the reduced flow of saliva, which has a protective effect on the teeth and gums. Others may also result in abnormal growth of gum tissue.

  • Hormonal changes

Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during puberty, monthly menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause, make gums more sensitive, which makes it easier for gingivitis to develop.

  • Family history of dental disease

People who have a family history of dental disease are prone to the development of infections such as gingivitis and more.


If you experience early signs of periodontal disease, like the sudden bleeding of gums, bad breath, or loose teeth, contact our office at Indian Hills Dentistry for Periodontal Treatment in Murfreesboro, TN. Book your appointment with us now.